This study clarified the factors of spreading wood burials in Germany comparing with Japanese challenges of them. The actual state of wood burials in Germany was figured out through literature researches, fieldworks and interview researches. German wood burial is placed as a new forest use in addition to the multiple public functions of forest. In contrast, Japanese wood burial is a new form of graveyard. In addition to that, German wood burials are managed by private enterprises which contract with forest owners and controlled by foresters in a sustainable nature based forest management.

Since the 1960s, research has dealt with agricultural intensification (AI) as a solution to ensure global food security. Recently, sustainable intensification (SI) has increasingly been used to describe those agricultural and farming systems that ensure adequate ecosystem service provision. Studies differ in terms of the application scales and methodologies, thus we aim to summarize the main findings from the literature on how AI and SI are assessed, from the farm to global levels.

Rational land use decisions of privatelandowners are analysed in the framework of CommonAgricultural Policy and other public support schemeseffective in Finland in 2003. Net present values arecomputed for a marginal hectare of a typical Finnishfarm. Three alternative land uses are considered:traditional cultivation of oats (Avena sativa L.),cultivation of reed canary grass (Phalaris ArundinaceaL.) for energy production, and production of Norwayspruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) timber.

The growing population and increasing socio-economic necessities creates a pressure on land use/land cover. Nowadays, land use change detection using remote sensing data provides quantitative and timely information for management and evaluation of natural resources. This study investigates the land use changes in part of Hableh Rood Watershed of Iran using Landsat 7 and 8 (Sensor ETM+ and OLI) images between 2001 and 2013. Supervised classification was used for classification of Landsat images.

To assess the impact of land use on the Andosol fertility, changes in chemical and physical properties affecting soil quality were monitored on Andosols from Mount Bambouto submitted to four different land use and management systems: natural cover, tillage, burning and fallow.