The main objective of this Economic and Sector Work (ESW) is to identify opportunities for stronger linkages between domestic agricultural supply chains and the tourism sector in the OECS, and to outline priority interventions with potential to strengthen these linkages. Since this topic has been analyzed in a number of studies, the approach for this ESW is not to conduct yet another comprehensive study.

This study was undertaken in support of the World Bank
project, Agroweather Tools for Adapting to Climate
Change. The overall goal of this pilot project is to establish
community-based agro-weather risk management
tools. These tools are to be supported by a flow of weather
and climate information via information and communication
technology (ICT) delivery systems.
While some advice is provided on how farmers
can use meteorological and climatological information
in their operations, this is not the main thrust of the

This paper investigates possible impacts
of climate change on the poor communities of the Bangladesh
Sundarbans via changes in aquatic salinity and mangrove
species. The implications for poor communities are assessed
by computing changes in high-value mangrove species for the
five sub-districts in the Sundarbans. The results of the
impact analysis indicate highly varied patterns of gain and
loss across the five sub-districts. Overall, however, the

This report is the culmination of a
cross-African countries analytical and empirical study
commissioned by the World Bank, which set out to improve the
understanding of the characteristics and environmental,
economic, and social performances of small-scale fisheries
in Africa. It applies a common evaluation tool, called
Fishery Performance Indicators (FPIs), which evaluates the
ecological, social, and economic performances of a

The proper management of water resources
plays a key role in the socioeconomic development of
Armenia. On average, Armenia has sufficient water resources.
Taking into account all available water resources in the
country, Armenia has sufficient resources to supply
approximately 3,100 cubic meters per capita per year well
above the typically cited Falkenmark water stress indicator
of 1,700 cubic meters per capita per year. These water

Recognizing the importance and
uniqueness of the Sundarbans, the United Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
declared the Indian portion of the forest a World Heritage
Site in 1987, and the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Program
has included the Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve in the Global
Network of Island and Coastal Biosphere Reserves
Contributing to Action on Climate Change and Sustainable

This report was commissioned with the
aim to assist the Government of Ethiopia (GoE) in its
efforts to develop the mining sector. Thus, the report has
been produced in close cooperation with staff at the
Ethiopian Ministry of Mines (MoM). Its findings are mostly
based on desk top reviews of existing documents, on a large
number of meetings, and interviews with affected and
interested stakeholders, and also on some field work

Coastal erosion is a naturally occurring
process that is accelerated by human impacts. Artificial
stabilization of the shoreline, the deterioration of natural
formations, the construction of infrastructure, the
extraction of materials, and the proliferation of dams
deprive fragile coastal areas of important sediment
deposits, which leads to erosion. Degradation of the
shoreline reduces the natural protection of coastal areas to

In a changing climate, saltwater
intrusion is expected to worsen in low-lying coastal areas
around the world. Understanding the physical and economic
effects of salinity ingress, and planning adaptation, are
key to the long-term development of countries for which sea
level rise has been identified as a major risk from climate
change. This paper presents a study conducted in Bangladesh,
which quantifies the prospective relationship between

This paper quantifies the impact of
inundation risk and salinization on the family structure and
economic welfare of coastal households in Bangladesh. These
households are already on the "front line" of
climate change, so their adaptation presages the future for
hundreds of millions of families worldwide who will face
similar threats by 2100. The analysis is based on a
household decision model that relates spatial deployment of

This aquaculture sector review (with
supply chain mapping) has been implemented within the
framework of the International Finance Corporation (IFC)
Armenia investment climate reform project implemented by the
World Bank Group trade and competitiveness global practice,
in partnership with Austria’s federal ministry of finance
and Hungarian partnership funding and Hungary Export Import
(EXIM) Bank. This project aims to contribute to improving

A healthy ocean is fundamental to human
wellbeing and an indispensable part of the Earth's
life-support system, which sustains the species and the
ecosystems upon which we depend. The ocean regulates our
climate and, as part of the hydrological cycle, drives
weather patterns that determine rainfall, droughts, and
floods. The ocean has also reduced the impact of
human-induced climate change by absorbing 25 percent of the