Institutional success factors in spatial planning for socioeconomically and ecologically sustainable peri - urban Ethiopia: Insights from Rwanda and Tanzania

This paper analyses the peri-urban experiences of three key Africa countries. The countries are Ethiopia, Rwanda, and Tanzania. The paper aims at investigating how peri-urban challenges have been (or are being) addressed in these countries and derive lessons for Ethiopia. It approaches this investigation by addressing the following questions: What political situation (including legal/institutional framework) exists in these countries and to what extent do they enable or prevent sustainable peri-urban developments? How are rural and urban LUP integrated and linked in these countries and to what extent does any integration support or discourage peri-urban improvements? What are the legal frameworks required to perform sustainable LUP in peri-urban areas? How can the different needs of various sectors/institutions of LUP be integrated regarding the peri-urban area? What are institutional and legal success-factors to enable a flexible scope of action for formalizing former informal settlements, and how are they beneficial to the Ethiopian situation? To answer the above questions, case studies were framed around three countries, existing literature was reviewed, and data from literature was validated for correctness through interviews with LUP experts from the selected countries.