To enable communities to form juristic persons, to be known as communal property associations in order to acquire, hold and manage property on a basis agreed to by members of a community in terms of a written constitution; and to provide for matters connected therewith. (English text signed by the President.)

To provide for the upgrading and conversion into ownership of certain rights granted in respect land; for the transfer of tribal land in full ownership to tribes; and for matters connected therewith.
(Afrikaans text signed by the State President.)
(Assented to 27 June 1991.)
BE IT ENACTED by the State President and the Parliament of the Republic of South Africa, as follows:

This article argues that there is a transformation in the relationship between land, peasant communities and its members or comuneros. In the case of the communities of the Peruvian northern coast, this transformation links with a double dynamic: (i) the increasing external pressure on the resource from the private-national and transnational capitals, and (ii) the emergence of new means and motivations of access to land among the communal members.

Los derechos de propiedad de la tierra pueden ser comunitarios o individualizados, delimitar diferentesusos y beneficios legítimos, así como definir temporalidades para su ejercicio, y presentar o norestricciones para su enajenación. En el contexto neoliberal, sin embargo, la definición de derechosde propiedad de la tierra con dominio pleno e individualizado se considera la mejor forma paraaumentar la inversión y conseguir la equidad social. En este trabajo reflexionamos sobre el cambiode régimen de propiedad social (o de las comunidades agrarias) a privada en México.

La reforma al artículo 27 constitucional de 1992 convirtió a los ejidatarios en propietarios de latierra que trabajaban, condición reforzada por el Programa de Certificación de Derechos Ejidales(Procede) que, en 1994, les otorgó títulos parcelarios y de propiedad. De manera colateral, conestas políticas neoliberales se dinamizó el mercado de tierras y, con ello, se facilitó la inversión nacionaly extranjera en el territorio mexicano.

From January 15 to February 6, 2018, the USAID’s Tenure and Global Climate Change Program and Land Portal Foundation co-facilitated a dialogue on experiences of documenting household and community-level customary rights in Zambia. The dialogue brought together the perspectives of government, traditional leaders, practitioners, civil society, and academics to consider how customary land documentation can contribute to national development goals and increased service delivery in rural and peri-urban areas.

Indigenous Peoples and local communities manage more than half of the world´s land. These biodiverse ancestral lands are vital to the people who steward them and the planet we all share. But governments only recognize indigenous and community legal ownership of 10 percent of the world´s lands. Secure tenure is essential for safeguarding the existing forests against external forces. This is specifically true for forests managed by Indigenous Peoples, where much of the world’s carbon is stored.

This special issue of Policy Matters focuses on the outreach and impact of Dr. Elinor Ostrom's groundbreaking research on common property (or commons) theory. Her work was instrumental in shaping contemporary analyses of resource management and conservation, especially at a local level. This collection of research papers, essays, commentaries, and songs build upon her work and provide case studies demonstrating the practical application of her theoretical contributions. 

With the promulgation of the Constitution of Kenya, 2010 (CoK 2010), land was classified into public, private and community lands, occasioning the need for clear guidelines on acquisition of public land acquisition within the community land while appreciating the provision of the Community Land Act, 2016.

A myriad of Non-Governmental Institutions that form the land Sector Non-State Actors (LSNSA) have collaboratively developed an advocacy strategy to guide various engagements initiatives in the advocacy of the implementation of the Community Land Act,2016.

This Strategy highlights the roles of key actors: The Government, the Communities and Civil Society Organizations.