Using family balance (i.e., combined net farm and non-farm incomes less family expenses), an output from an integrated model, which couples water resource, agronomic and socio-economic models, its sensitivity and uncertainty are evaluated for five smallholder farming groups (AeE) in the Olifants Basin. The crop management practiced included conventional rainfed, untied ridges, planting basins and supplemental irrigation.

Investigates the effects of improved surface drainage on the productivity of Vertisols in a wheat-and-chickpea cropping trial conducted in 1987 at ILCA;s Debre Zeit research site in the Ethiopian highlands. Chickpea plots were subjected to four irrigation treatments, viz, no irrigation, irrigation at planting, 35 days and 70 days after planting. The trial showed that with a starter irrigation to aid the germination of a second crop, sequential cropping of two crops in the same growing season is feasible in the Debre Zeit.

This working paper reviews the experiences of the Challenge Program on Water and Food (CPWF) with 14 “small

grants for impact” that were contracted in early 2006 and operated for periods of 12 to 18 months. For a total

investment of under US$1 million – less than the equivalent of a typical 3-5 year CPWF research for development

project in Phase 1, the small grant projects made significant contributions to identifying water and food technology

for specific end users (thus showing the potential of CPWF research in general); to better understanding of