The estate Gornji grad, since 1462 in the ownership in the diocese of Ljubljana, owned for centuries large forests and leasehold pastures. They were managaed in a traditional way with the servitude or otherwise acquired rights of the bondsmen, applying selected felling of the trees, mostly without allocation to the bondsmen or by increasing the acreage of the pasture on the expense of that of the forests as well as in many other ways. All this finally resulted, although unintentionally, in the benefit of the bondsmen.

Unstable weather conditions specific for the Republic of Moldova destabilize the agricultural products market. These and other features of modern agriculture make our society to face acute need for informatization, especially it concerns the agricultural producers (farmers) but also public authorities of all levels. The implementation of Agricultural Cadastre Information System, initiated successfully in our country, is a fundamental solution in this regard.

To preserve the quality of surface water, official French regulations require farmers to keep a minimum acreage of grassland, especially bordering rivers. These agro-environmental measures do not account for the circulation of water within the catchment. This paper examines whether it is possible to design with the farmers agri-environmental measures at field and catchment scale to prevent soil erosion and surface water pollution.

The development experience indicates a strong link between rural development and poverty reduction. In Pakistan agriculture is the major source of economic growth, employment and livelihood. The agricultural productivity is low and many factors are responsible for its low productivity. Majority of rural population is marginalized in terms of access to physical and social assets, and in terms of institutions and inequality. Rural poor lack access to instruments to mitigate and cope with shocks that affect their well being and ability to come out of poverty.

The following paper assesses the impact of different policy options on the land use and associatedbiodiversity values of jointly organized low intensity grazing systems (‘Allmende’) inSouthern Bavaria. We use an integrated economic and ecological modelling approach tocompare the results of the scenarios with a reference situation that reflects the Common AgriculturalPolicy prior to the Fischler Reform. The economic sub model is based on single farmswhich alter their land use in response to economic stimuli.

In certain regions where mixed farming prevails, the specialization of the farms (with the progressive disappearance of livestock) has brought about uniform methods of land occupation which run counter the environmental functions of farming. For that matter, grasslands and perennial covers have beneficial effects, but their insertion or their maintenance have to be thought out at the territorial scale.

The aim of this paper was to determine and characterize the main trends influencing the dynamics and formation of European agriculture. Special attention is paid to basic global trends, the role of the Common Agricultural Policy, the influence of agrarian markets and the promotion of multifunctional agriculture.

The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) has continued to be fiercely debated between North and South, particularly with respect to its provisions for the agricultural sector. Article 27.3(b) of the TRIPS Agreement requires WTO member countries to offer some form of intellectual property protection for new plant varieties, either in the form of patents (common in the U.S.) or plant breeder’s rights (PBR).

German nobility took an important role in Livonia, Estonia and Courland territorial development. During from the period 1870-1913 Riga was the largest export port in Russia province with 550 thousand inhabitants. Towns and large rural population difference resulted Latvian strongly developed agriculture, industry and urbanization. Strong turbulence time began with the year 1905, followed by years of war, and finally in 20 years of the 20th century the agrarian land reform ended in Estonia, Livonia and Latvia.