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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom has historically played a leading role in developing parliamentary democracy and in advancing literature and science. At its zenith in the 19th century, the British Empire stretched over one-fourth of the earth's surface. The first half of the 20th century saw the UK's strength seriously depleted in two world wars and the Irish Republic's withdrawal from the union. The second half witnessed the dismantling of the Empire and the UK rebuilding itself into a modern and prosperous European nation. As one of five permanent members of the UN Security Council and a founding member of NATO and the Commonwealth, the UK pursues a global approach to foreign policy. The Scottish Parliament, the National Assembly for Wales, and the Northern Ireland Assembly were established in 1999. The latter was suspended until May 2007 due to wrangling over the peace process, but devolution was fully completed in March 2010.


The UK was an active member of the EU from 1973 to 2016, although it chose to remain outside the Economic and Monetary Union. However, frustrated by a remote bureaucracy in Brussels and massive migration into the country, UK citizens on 23 June 2016 narrowly voted to leave the EU. The so-called “Brexit” will take years to carry out but could be the signal for referenda in other EU countries where skepticism of EU membership benefits is strong.

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Countryside Access (Dedication of Land as Access Land) (Wales) Regulations 2003 (S.I. No. 135 (W. Countryside Access (Exclusion or Restriction of Access) (Wales) Regulations 2003 (S.I. No. 142 (W. 14)) of 2003).

Regulations
Reino Unido
Europa
Europa septentrional

Under Chapter II of Part I of the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000, the right of access conferred by section 2(1) of the Act to any land may be excluded or restricted. Under sections 23 and 32 of the Act, the National Assembly for Wales has the power to make regulations to provide for the steps to be taken to bring those exclusions or restrictions into operation. Sections 29 and 30 of the Act provide for an appeal to be brought against certain decisions relating to exclusions and restrictions of access.

Nitrate Vulnerable Zones (Grants) (Scotland) Scheme 2003 (S.S.I. No. 52 of 2003).

Regulations
Reino Unido
Europa
Europa septentrional

This Instrument establishes the Nitrate Vulnerable Zones (Grants) Scheme for 2003. It enables the payment of grants to applicants who satisfy certain conditions. Applications for grants shall be considered if the agricultural business of the applicant is situated in a Nitrate Vulnerable Zone or if the expenditure proposed is, in the opinion of the Scottish Ministers, likely to lead to an increase in the production capacity of the business.

Leasehold Reform (Notices) (Amendment) (No. 2) (England) Regulations 2002 (S.I. No. 3209 of 2002).

Regulations
Reino Unido
Europa
Europa septentrional

These Regulations amend the Leasehold Reform (Notices) Regulations 1997 and provide a new form to be used by landlords replying to claims for enfranchisement and extension of long leaseholds under the Leasehold Reform Act 1967. Provisions of this Act which are relevant to the Form in the Schedule to these Regulations have been amended by the Commonhold and Leasehold Reform Act 2002 as mentioned in the Notes to the Form. The new Form is to be used for notices in reply given on or after the date these Regulations come into force.

Leasehold Reform (Collective Enfranchisement) (Counter-notices) (England) Regulations 2002 (S.I. No. 3208 of 2002).

Regulations
Reino Unido
Europa
Europa septentrional

A person who receives a notice for a claim for collective enfranchisement made under Part I of the Leasehold Reform Housing and Urban Development Act 1993 must respond by giving a counter-notice admitting or opposing the claim. These Regulations prescribe a requirement, in addition to those specified in section 21 of the Act, as regards the contents of the counter-notice.