In the Sahel, around 65 percent of the active population works in the agriculture sector and their livelihoods are therefore affected by climate change, markets and environmental factors. More than half of these are women. Recurring crises pose real concerns for the achievement of sustainable food and nutrition security in the region. The root causes of vulnerability to food insecurity and malnutrition are complex and multidimensional.

In Sub-Sahara Africa, majority of the population derives its livelihood from agriculture. Smallholder agriculture accounts for 75% of agricultural production of which the majority constitutes of rainfed farming. Drought is Africa’s principal form of natural disaster which often it affects rainfed agriculture dramatically.

The AgWater Solutions Project aimed at designing agricultural water management (AWM) strategies for smallholder farmers in sub Saharan Africa and in India. The project was managed by the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) and operated jointly with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), the Stockholm Environmental Institute (SEI) and International Development Enterprise (IDE).

In 2012, the UN Secretary-General launched the global Zero Hunger Challenge. This was followed in 2013 by the launch of the Asia-Pacific region’s Zero Hunger Challenge on 29 April 2013 by the UN Deputy Secretary-General and the Executive Secretary of UNESCAP with the participation of Ministers and senior officials of UN Member States in the region, including Prime Minister Kay Rala Xanana Gusmão of Timor-Leste. The National Action Plan for a Hunger and Malnutrition Free Timor-Leste (known by its Tetum acronym PAN-HAM-TIL) was launched in Dili on July 20 2014.

Meeting symbol/code: FO:LACFC/2015/1
Session: Sess. 29

健健康的土壤是陆地上最大的碳 库。采用可持续方式管理的土壤 可以通过储存碳（碳封存）和减 少大气中的温室气体排放而起到 减缓气候变化的重要作用。相反，如果土壤管 理不善或采用不可持续的农作方法，土壤中的碳 则会以二氧化碳（CO2）的形式释放到大气中， 导致气候变化

This publication was commissioned under the auspices of the project “FAO technical support to the COMESA-EAC-SADC program on climate change adaptation and mitigation in Eastern and Southern Africa (OSRO/RAF/307/COM)”.

La pérdida de bosques contribuye a un sexto de las emisiones anuales de gases de efecto invernadero que son la causa principal del cambio climático. La experiencia nos enseña que la implementación conjunta de enfoques de reducción de la deforestación y de la degradación forestal y de consolidación de la gobernanza forestal –como la Reducción de las emisiones debidas a la deforestación y a la degradación forestal (REDD+) y la Aplicación de leyes, gobernanza y comercio forestales (FLEGT)– puede ser mucho más eficaz para contrarrestar la pérdida de bosques.

Meeting symbol/code: FO:LACFC/2015/10
Session: Sess. 29

El objetivo de este documento es seguir enriqueciendo un diálogo sobre las cuestiones relativas a la tierra (y a los territorios) entre la FAO y los países miembros, los pueblos indígenas, el Foro Permanente y otras entidades interesadas. En el documento se detallan. principios básicos de un enfoque metodológico para el reconocimiento territorial, así como para un desarrollo de esos espacios a partir de la constatación de que el simple reconocimiento jurídico en muchos casos no es garantía suficiente para el mejoramiento de las condiciones de los pueblos indígenas.

La Conferencia de Desarrollo Sostenible de Naciones Unidas de 2012 (Río+20) destacó la urgencia de enfrentar uno de los retos más urgentes y, a la vez, más complejos del paradigma del desarrollo sustentable: la conciliación entre la producción de alimentos, la seguridad alimentaria y la conservación del ambiente.

The Elements to Facilitate Domestic Implementation of Access and Benefit-Sharing for Different Subsectors of Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture aim to assist governments considering developing, adapting or implementing access and benefit-sharing measures to take into account the importance of genetic resources for food and agriculture, their special role in food security and the distinctive features of their different subsectors, while complying, as applicable, with international instruments.