Bosnia and Herzegovina

This assessment presents a broad picture
of the main gender disparities in Bosnia and Herzegovina
(BiH) in endowments, economic opportunities, and agency. The
report builds on the framework of the 2012 World Bank World
Development Report 2012 on gender and development and the
World Bank’s regional gender report on Europe and Central
Asia: opportunities for men and women, that focuses on the
household and individual members’ bargaining power and their
ability to access (i) endowments, education, health and
physical assets, (ii) economic opportunities, labor market,
employment, entrepreneurship, and (iii) agency, political
participation and voice, gender-based violence, and the
legal framework. The remainder of the report is organized as
follows. The next subsections provide general patterns of
gender gaps across socio-demographic groups. Chapter one
discusses ‘agency’ and describes factors which may shape the
process how men and women use their endowments and utilize
economic opportunities to achieve desired outcomes. Chapter
two, in turn, analyzes gender disparities in endowments,
such as health and education. Chapter three focuses on
gender gaps in the labor market, entrepreneurship and
earnings, access to finance and poverty. The last section,
chapter four, presents conclusions and policy recommendations.