Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) addresses the challenge of meeting the growing demand for food, fibre and fuel, despite the changing climate and fewer opportunities for agricultural expansion on additional lands. CSA focuses on contributing to economic development, poverty reduction and food security; maintaining and enhancing the productivity and resilience of natural and agricultural ecosystem functions, thus building natural capital; and reducing trade-offs involved in meeting these goals.

No mundo contemporâneo, o tema da alimentação “ecológica” tem sido cada vez mais discutido. Muitos estudos enfatizam aspectos técnicos e econômicos e colocam a produção agroecológica como oposta àquela convencional, que faz uso intensivo de agroquímicos. Este trabalho apresenta a trajetória de uma família de agricultores ecológicos – camponeses de origem pomerana – inseridos em uma comunidade em que a maior parte dos agricultores trabalha com a produção de fumo, em uma localidade rural do município de São Lourenço do Sul, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.

The President, with a view of developing agro-industrial sector and improving mechanism for the provision of state support to the entities operating in the agro-industrial sector, decrees as follows: (a) state agrarian policy shall be aimed at providing incentives for raising efficiency in the agro-industrial sector based upon specialization of agricultural production, rational land tenure and state support of agro-industrial complex; and (b) the main objectives of the state agrarian policy shall be: raising competitiveness of agricultural commodities; formation of the efficient market of a

Objections to assessed compensation for expropriated land in Tanzania have been on increase irrespective of the changed ideologies of the country. The basis of valuation assessment as provided in the laws governing land acquisition is ‘market value’ while the local valuation practice has had limited use of the basis in compensation and resettlement assignments.

Property tax is an invaluable source of revenue that is harnessed to finance municipal services in many urban areas all over the world. In most tax jurisdictions, property tax is a levy that is based on the market value of the property, hence often there is a need to carry out regular property valuations with a view to updating the tax base of a rateable area. In Tanzania, rating valuation has traditionally been carried out using the single parcel valuation approach.

— International Valuation Standards and best practice advocates consistency, objectivity, independence and transparency as critical in ensuring credible valuations and in building public trust and confidence in valuation. However, literature observes that valuers face a myriad of challenges in observing these principles, key among them being the external influence they face.

The shifting of national capitals from old cities to new sites was fashionable from the 1956 to 1990s. While in the past this move was politically motivated, in the later decades this shift has been motivated by economic and innovation attributes to establish centres for building states and national identity. Tanzania declared its intention of shifting the national capital from Dar es Salaam to Dodoma in 1973. This declaration and the recent establishment of large institutions in Dodoma fuelled its expansion from a small town of about 45,000 people in 1973 to 410,956 people in 2012.

This training module is developed by Uttaran for its field level beneficiaries of Sustainable Access to Land Equalities (SALE) project. Initially some selected trainers are trained up on the basis of this module. Afterwards the selected trainer group will provide the training to the members of primary organization which is developed by Sustainable Access to Land Equalities (SALE) project of Uttaran. So those who facilitate this training workshop will have to have the sound knowledge about this training module.

The Jamalpur district administration has decided to prepare an online database of the real landless and homeless in Jamalpur Sadar Upazila. Forming the selection committees at Union and Ward level is an effective step to make the list of real landless and homeless people. This will make the identification process of the actual landless, poor and vulnerable people easy, acceptable to all and impartial. I hope that once the list is finalised, it will be useful in selecting beneficiaries for the various safety net and development programmes of the present government.

José Graziano da Silva, Director-General of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), on the role of family farms for global food security, the need for sound rural development stategies and the responsibility of governments, the private sector and civil society.

Despite the crucial role of women in family farms and small-scale agriculture, gender inequality is still present in many ways – jeopardising the food and nutrition security of millions of people.

Access to modern renewable energy services are a key input to poverty eradication and in ensuring food security. Biogas is a renewable energy option suited to provide clean, modern and decentralised sources of energy. Portable systems, such as FlexiBiogas, offer a lot of advantages over traditional fixed dome systems.