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Investigating the impact of climate change on agricultural production in eastern and southern African countries
Climate change has been a significant issue since the end of the 20th century, and impacts a variety of economic sectors, primarily agriculture. The negative impacts of climate change on agricultural production are important because agriculture is closely linked to food security. Although they contribute the least to global pollution, it is estimated that African countries will be the most affected by climate variability.
An innovation systems approach to enhanced farmer adoption of climate-ready germplasm and agronomic practices
By 2050, climate change is likely to reduce maize production globally by 3–10 percent and wheat production in developing countries by 29–34 percent. Even without climate change, the real costs of wheat and maize will increase by 60 percent between 2000 and 2050; climate change could make the figure substantially greater. Food security, despite the above, may be possible if agricultural systems are transformed through improved seed, fertilizer, land use, and governance.
Links between tenure security and food security: Evidence from Ethiopia
This study uses five rounds of household panel data from Tigray, Ethiopia, collected in the period 1998–2010 to assess the impacts of a land registration and certification program that aimed to strengthen tenure security and how it has contributed to increased food availability and, thus, food security in this food-deficit region.
The impact of alternative input subsidy exit strategies on Malawi’s maize commodity market
This study has been conducted in order to generate evidence of the visibility of exit from farm input subsidies in an African context. The study simulates the impact of alternative exit strategies from Malawi’s farm input subsidy program on maize markets. The simulation is conducted using a multiequation partial equilibrium model of the national maize market, which is sequentially linked via a price-linkage equation to local rural maize markets. The model accounts for market imperfections prevailing in the country that arise from government price interventions.
Spillover effects of targeted subsidies
While there is growing evidence of the impact of targeted subsidies on private input demand, as far as we are aware no empirical studies have examined the spillover effects of targeted subsidies for just one input on the use of other complementary inputs with which there is low substitutability. Consequently, this study begins to fill this gap by exploring the effect of increasing access to subsidized fertilizer on farmers’ use of improved seed in Nigeria.
Knowledge systems and networks for nutrition in India: A review
The first part of this review provides an overview of the current nutrition knowledge landscape in India based on the secondary research conducted on the existing knowledge systems and networks catering to nutrition-based information needs of policymaking audiences in India. The second section of the report shares the outcomes of face-to-face interviews conducted with the conveners of these knowledge networks. It also shares the findings from the interviews with decisionmakers and program implementers and impres-sions of these networks from a user perspective.
Summary of Hydrological modeling of sustainable land management interventions in the Mizewa watershed of the Blue Nile Basin
This analysis utilizes recent hydrological and meteorological data collected from the Mizewa watershed in Fogera woreda in order to better understand the physical impact of sustainable land and watershed management (SLWM) investments. The effectiveness of the simulated conservation practices (terraces, bunds, and residue management) are evaluated using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model taking into account investment decisions on different terrain types.
Are shocks actually on the rise? A selective review of five types of shocks
Policymakers, practitioners, and researchers frequently cite an increase in shocks around the world as a reason for focusing on resilience. But have shocks actually increased or become more severe and far‐reaching? What does the landscape of shocks look like?
Productivity and efficiency of farmers growing four popular wheat varieties in Punjab, Pakistan
HarvestPlus seeks to select one or more wheat varieties in Pakistan to biofortify with zinc to improve the health of the Pakistani population, especially women and children. The choice of varieties to enrich, and their diffusion patterns, will influence the productivity and efficiency of wheat production. This analysis seeks to (1) compare the relative productivity and efficiency of farmers currently growing the most widely diffused wheat varieties, and (2) update our understanding of factors that influence productivity and efficiency of wheat production.