The problem of low productivity is fundamental to the long-term deteriorating trend in agricultural and per capita food production that has characterized African agriculture during the past decades. Widespread desertification and degradation of African farmlands and the present heavy dependence on natural rainfall which are some of the causes of low productivity, reflect the inability of African member States to sufficiently invest in and develop technologies and farming systems suitable for adoption by small farmers.

In most Developing countries only a small number of new jobs
are available in agriculture. The capital scarcity limits the
number of nonfarm jobs that can be created, because investments
costs per job are high in modern industry. Thus an effective
development policy should seek to increase the labor relative to.,
capital, to the extent that it is economically efficient.
In the Sessional Paper No. 1 of 1986 on Economic Management
for Renewed Growth, the Kenya Government notes that
historically, there has been

In Africa, agriculture is the most important sector in national economies. About 80 per cent of the active population works in agriculture. Further, apart from few exceptions, agriculture makes up more than 50 percent of gross national product. Nevertheless, Africa remains the only region in the world in which agricultural production declined between 1970 and 1980, when the growth rate was less than 2 per cent and moreover the gross national product (GNP) per head is one of the lowest in the world.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the progress that has been achieved, identify innovatory experience and provide a frame for discussion on where to go next. Particular attention will be given to the benefits accruing to small farmers and livestock producers, particularly women. It will deal with policies and programmes in input supply and the provision of credit subject to the continuing constraints on the use of foreign exchange and government finance still prevailing m most African countries.

This Act makes provision principally for the legal status and administration of estates of deceased persons leaving property in Zambia.This contains rules relative to the making, registering and execution of wills, provides for the administration of property included in a testament and provides for court proceedings regarding testate estates. Wills may be placed in custody with the High Court. The Act sets out procedures of administration and prohibits any interfering with property of deceased by any person who is not authorized to do so.

This paper focuses on the role of women in agro-industries in eastern and southern Africa. The women of Africa have' historically played key roles in the African economy as contributors to their society and as caretakers of the family while their, husbands are away working in mines, plantations or cities. African women are starting to get acknowledged as the ones who predominantly produce food crops.

The scale and persistence of the food crisis in Africa during the last

20 years is of the gravest concern to African governments as well as to the international community. Food production is not able to keep pace with population growth and many countries in the continent have become increasingly dependent on imports of food stuffs originating from international aid.

Dit rapport geeft inzicht in de oorzaken van betrokkenheid en deelname van boerinnen aan voorlichting en inspraak in de voorbereidingsfase bij landinrichting. Verder is aangegeven welke strategieen, doelgroepen en middelen kunnen worden gekozen om betrokkenheid en participatie te vergroten. De resultaten zijn gebaseerd op een in 1985 gehouden onderzoek onder 321 boerinnen in de blokken St. Oedenrode en Wonseradeel-Zuid

Le Zaïre est un pays aux dimensions continentales qui regroupe des centaines de tribus. Il en résulte une diversité de langues et coutumes, mais aussi de systèmes juridiques. Pendant la période précoloniale, le Zaïre, comme la plupart des pays africains, était régi par le droit traditionnel qui se caractérisait essentiellement par une forme rigide du système patriarcal, sauf dans certaines tribus qui pratiquaient le matriarcat.

This study represents an attempt to measure the extent of participation of women in development. It approaches this through

a case study of women in the fishing industry in Liberia's concentrating on their participation in industrial fishing. The subject of the case study is of particular interest from two dimensions. Foremost, the research is concerned with the participation of women in the informal urban sector of a developing economy and secondly, the industry in Liberia exhibits interesting linkages between the "formall" modern sector and the "informal" urban