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Patterns and trends of child and maternal nutrition inequalities in Nigeria
Despite the fact that nonincome dimensions of well-being such as nutrition and health are now placed on the global development agenda, substantial gaps remain in our knowledge about patterns and trends in nutrition inequalities in many developing countries.
The role of smallholder generation from agriculture in sub-saharan Africa
What insights for Southern Africa can be gained from studying the income-generating decisions of small farmers both there and in the rest of Sub-Saharan Africa? Much research has been conducted over the past three decades on how and why African smallholders diversity their income from sources outside of farming.
Human milk
Human milk is a food that meets all conditions for an infant's nutrition security and is the most important food for more than 10 percent of the population in Sub-Saharan Africa (children less than three years of age). Statistics on production of human milk at local and national levels are lacking for Africa. In this paper, the quantity of human milk production in Mali, Senegal, Nigeria, and Zimbabwe is estimated. The annual production in the urban and rural areas in a county in Mali is estimated at 13 and 17 kilograms per capita, respectively.
Alignment of poultry sector actors with avian influenza control in Ethiopia
The outbreak and spread of Asian-lineage highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) from Asia to Europe and Africa in 2003-2007 challenged national disease surveillance and response programs particularly in those countries where infection occurred. Ethiopia has not had the disease, but it is considered as being vulnerable because it lies under the pathway of migratory birds and has an expansive border that makes it difficult to control cross-border trade in poultry and poultry products.
Endowing future harvests
The 11 CGIAR genebanks conserve over 660,000 accessions (plant or seed samples) of crops grown mainly by poor people (such as cassava, millet, sorghum and cowpea), staple food crops grown throughout the world (such as rice, wheat and maize), and tree species used in agroforestry systems. This collection accounts for a sizeable share, perhaps 30 to 40%, of the unique entries in genebank collections worldwide.
The family farm in a globalizing world
The topic of family farms has been gaining prominence in the academic, policy, and donor communities in recent years. Small farms dominate the agricultural landscape in the developing world, providing the largest source of employment and income to the rural poor, yet smallholders remain highly susceptible to poverty and hunger. With the advance of globalization and greater integration of agricultural markets, the need for increases in agricultural productivity for family farms is particularly pressing.
Impact of Uganda’s National Agricultural Advisory Services program
In Uganda, agricultural extension has been hotly debated since the implementation of the National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS) program in 2001. Conceived as a demand-driven approach and largely publicly funded with services provided by the private sector, the NAADS program targets the development and use of farmer institutions. It is a key strategy in the government’s poverty-reduction and national development plan.
Nutrition security in urban areas of Latin America
The population of Latin America is now largely urban. By 1990, 72 percent of the people of the region were living in cities. By 2020, the urban population could reach 83 percent. With increasing urbanization, the region faces problems of poverty, nutrition, and health that are somewhat different from those when the population was more rural.
Experiencing vulnerability in southern Africa
The word “vulnerability” is often used by development agencies and scientists when speaking about human welfare in Southern Africa. It is known that increasing poverty, AIDS, and food insecurity are some of the threats that make households more “vulnerable” to different shocks and stressors But what does vulnerability really mean for a household in peri-urban South African townships, a family in Chikamba, a rural village in Malawi, or migrant workers in Durban? And how can it be used effectively in development work? These are some of the key questions that have driven this research.