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Zimbabwe

The UK annexed Southern Rhodesia from the former British South Africa Company in 1923. A 1961 constitution was formulated that favored whites in power. In 1965 the government unilaterally declared its independence, but the UK did not recognize the act and demanded more complete voting rights for the black African majority in the country (then called Rhodesia). UN sanctions and a guerrilla uprising finally led to free elections in 1979 and independence (as Zimbabwe) in 1980. Robert MUGABE, the nation's first prime minister, has been the country's only ruler (as president since 1987) and has dominated the country's political system since independence. His chaotic land redistribution campaign, which began in 1997 and intensified after 2000, caused an exodus of white farmers, crippled the economy, and ushered in widespread shortages of basic commodities. Ignoring international condemnation, MUGABE rigged the 2002 presidential election to ensure his reelection.


In April 2005, the capital city of Harare embarked on Operation Restore Order, ostensibly an urban rationalization program, which resulted in the destruction of the homes or businesses of 700,000 mostly poor supporters of the opposition. MUGABE in June 2007 instituted price controls on all basic commodities causing panic buying and leaving store shelves empty for months. General elections held in March 2008 contained irregularities but still amounted to a censure of the ZANU-PF-led government with the opposition winning a majority of seats in parliament. Movement for Democratic Change - Tsvangirai opposition leader Morgan TSVANGIRAI won the most votes in the presidential poll, but not enough to win outright. In the lead up to a run-off election in June 2008, considerable violence against opposition party members led to the withdrawal of TSVANGIRAI from the ballot. Extensive evidence of violence and intimidation resulted in international condemnation of the process. Difficult negotiations over a power-sharing "government of national unity," in which MUGABE remained president and TSVANGIRAI became prime minister, were finally settled in February 2009, although the leaders failed to agree upon many key outstanding governmental issues. MUGABE was reelected president in June 2013 in balloting that was severely flawed and internationally condemned. As a prerequisite to holding the election, Zimbabwe enacted a new constitution by referendum, although many provisions in the new constitution have yet to be codified in law.


Zimbabwe is semi-presidential republic.


Source: CIA World Factbook

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Judicial Laws Amendment (Ease of Settling Commercial and Other Disputes) Act, 2017 (No. 7 of 2017).

Legislation
Décembre, 2016
Zimbabwe

This Act amends the amend the High Court Act [Chapter 7:061, the Magistrates Court Act [Chapter 7:10]; and the Small Claims Court Act [Chapter 7: 12] so as to make better provision for the settlement of commercial disputes and related matters. It also provides anew for the establishment and designation of small claims courts.

Amends: Small Claims Courts Act (Chapter 7:12). (2002)
Amends: Magistrates Court Act [Chapter 7:10]. (2003)

Deeds Registries Amendment Act, 2017 (No. 8 of 2017)..

Legislation
Décembre, 2016
Zimbabwe

This Act amends the Deeds Registries Act by adding a new Part (VIII) on the establishment and operation of the electronic registry. It also inserts a new Schedule setting out a user agreement between the registrar and registered users, for the purpose of regulating the use of the electronic registry by registered users.

Amends: Deeds Registries Act [Chapter 20:05]. (2001)

Gazetted Land (Consequential Provisions) Act (No. 8 of 2006).

Legislation
Décembre, 2006
Zimbabwe

This Act concerns measures to prevent and correct unlawful occupancy of gazetted land and related matters. "Gazetted land" is agricultural land required for resettlement purposes. “Resettlement land” means land identified as resettlement land under the Rural District Councils Act. Persons unlawfully holding, using or occupying gazetted land shall cease to do so in accordance with this Act and may be awarded compensation for improvements effected on the land before its acquisition.