Dans ce numéro de Quoi lire, nous passons en revue quatre articles récents portant sur la manière dont les communautés rurales du Sud font face aux catastrophes climatiques, y compris des cas du Bangladesh, de la Colombie et de l'Inde.
Avec pour contexte la guerre en Ukraine, ce digest "What to Read" en français ce qu'il faut lire passe en revue trois articles qui explorent des conflits territoriaux différents et moins connus - tous en Asie.
As part of a scoping study titled Land Governance for Climate Resilience: A review and case studies from LAND-at-scale projects headed by Richard Sliuzas, Emeritus Professor, University of Twente, IOM explored how climate plays a role in the UN-led Saameynta Joint Programme in Somalia. In this context, climate change is increasingly recognized as a multiplier of insecurity and fragility, where climate-related sudden and slow-onset disasters are driving people to leave their land and migrate. While migrating allows people to find alternative livelihoods and enhance their climate resilience, it can also be associated with instances of maladaptation to climate change. As such, this case highlights durable solutions in climate-driven urban sprawl in Baidoa.
As part of a scoping study titled Land Governance for Climate Resilience: A review and case studies from LAND-at-scale projects headed by Richard Sliuzas, Emeritus Professor, University of Twente, CTV explored the links between climate and land governance in the LAND-at-scale project “Scaling Community Legal Literacy, Land Rights Certification and Climate Resilience in Mozambique”. This case study focusses on experiences from the Búzi District, where Cyclone Idai (March 2019) showed the need for proactive interventions in the land sector aimed at preparing districts and local communities to face and plan for severe climatic phenomena and their impacts, but also the challenges at making this link explicit.
Le changement climatique est-il vraiment le moteur des conflits et des déplacements dans le Sahel ? Cette étude explore l'histoire des conflits dans la région, le chevauchement avec les événements climatiques et un large éventail de facteurs institutionnels pour répondre à cette question. Les cas du Mali, du Burkina Faso et de la Somalie sont utilisés comme exemples.
Dans un exposé TED de 2009, visionné plus de 35 millions de fois, la romancière nigériane Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie parle du danger d'une histoire unique et des simplifications qu'elle favorise. Ses observations sont tout à fait pertinentes dans le cas du Sahel. Les médias et la sphère politique internationale présentent la région du Sahel comme une zone de conflit, de sécheresse, de famine et de déplacement irréductibles, mais ne fournissent pas d'explications significatives.
In this interview, Prof. Felix Ngana talks about the creation of the Training and Research Unit (UFR) on Land Governance and Local Development (GFDL) at the University of Bangui in the Central African Republic (CAR). Following the establishment of a Bachelor's degree program, plans to extend this training to the Master's and PhD levels are already underway. These efforts are timely, as the country has embarked on a decentralization process to elect mayors and governors to head municipal and regional councils, respectively.
Aujourd'hui, je suis à bord du navire Arctic Sunrise de Greenpeace, alors que nous confrontons la compagnie de combustibles fossiles, Shell, pour son rôle dans la dévastation du climat dans le monde entier - tout en ne payant rien pour cette destruction. C'est maintenant une tendance presque partout dans le monde, le combustible fossile et l'extraction du pétrole deviennent la nouvelle tendance et un véritable trésor, pour quelques élus. Il est vrai que les gouvernements ont besoin d'argent, et il semble plus facile et plus rapide pour eux de l'avoir grâce à l'exploitation des combustibles fossiles.
The debate about compensation of former white farmers in Zimbabwe continues to rage. The compensation agreement signed in July agreed a total amount of US$3.5 billion to pay for ‘improvements’ to the land that was expropriated. After 20 years of discussion, this was a major step forward. However, there seem to be multiple positions on the agreement and little consensus, along with much misunderstanding. However, some things are happening, and a joint resource mobilisation committee has been established with technical support from the World Bank and others.
For hundreds of years, pastoralists in Ethiopia’s lowlands have relied on strong customary land tenure systems to survive. Historically, legislation has failed to clearly define communal rights to rangelands, and the specific roles and responsibilities for both communities and local government to administer and manage these resources. This legislative deficiency prevented pastoral communities from fully exercising their constitutional rights to land (Ethiopia’s Constitution broadly recognizes pastoral communities’ right to access land and prevents their involuntary displacement).
