Óñëîâèÿ æèçíè â ñåëüñêîé ìåñòíîñòè ñòðàí Öåíòðàëüíîé è Âîñòî÷íîé Åâðîïû óõóäøàþòñÿ è áóäóò åùå äàëüøå óõóäøàòüñÿ äî òåõ ïîð, ïîêà ñóùåñòâóþùèå ïðîáëåìû íå áóäóò ðåøåíû ïîñðåä- ñòâîì ðåàëèçàöèè ïðîåêòîâ è ïðîãðàìì êîìïëåêñíîãî ðàçâèòèÿ ñåëüñêèõ ðàéîíîâ. Óñïåõ è óñòîé÷èâîñòü òàêèõ ïðîåêòîâ è ïðî- ãðàìì áóäåò â áîëüøîé ñòåïåíè çàâèñåòü îò ñïîñîáîâ ðåøåíèÿ â èõ ðàìêàõ òåõ ïðîáëåì, êîòîðûå ñòàâèò ðåàëüíîå ñóùåñòâîâàíèå ìèëëèîíîâ íåáîëüøèõ ðàçäðîáëåííûõ çåìåëüíûõ âëàäåíèé.

Selon leur définition par les États Membres de l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture (FAO), les objectifs fondamentaux de l’Organisation sont «d’améliorer les niveaux de nutrition, la productivité agricole et la qualité de vie des populations rurales et contribuer à l’essor de l’économie mondiale.» En tant qu’organisme spécialisé des Nations Unies, la FAO a un rôle essentiel à jouer pour la promotion d’une plus grande sécurité alimentaire et la réduction de la pauvreté.

Land Tenure Working Paper 13: Secure land rights are crucial if local populations are to engage actively as stakeholders in rural development.

This paper represents part of an area of work which analyses access to natural resources in Mozambique. An initial paper examined the extent to which Mozambique’s recent regulatory changes to natural resource access and management have had their intended effects (LSP Working Paper 17: Norfolk, S. (2004). “Examining access to natural resources and linkages to sustainable livelihoods: a case study of Mozambique”). This paper is complemented by LSP Working Paper 28: Tanner et al. (2006).

In this edition you will find a series of articles on a wide range of themes whose common denominator is a wish to improve the livelihoods of rural communities, especially in Africa. It is interesting to note that two aspects emerge strongly from the variety of themes: nutrition and the role of young people – two aspects of development that are also central to activities at FAO.

This publication provides an overview on the main issues debated during the development and passage of the India’s National Food Security Act (2013), which legally binds national and state governments to extend far-reaching social protection to the country’s population. It raises many lively and pertinent debates that may be useful for policy-makers and advocates, especially in low-income countries but also emerging economies, who wish to strengthen the programmatic and legal frameworks for food and nutrition in their respective countries.

This manual complements FAO Land Tenure Studies 6: The design of land consolidation pilot projects in Central and Eastern Europe. The manual concentrates on the practical aspects of defining and implementing the first pilot projects. It identifies the main conditions that should be in place before the project starts, and it defines potentials and constraints. It draws attention to issues that should be addressed and it discusses methods, tools and techniques. The manual identifies the main activities in a pilot project and their sequence.

This study is a revised version of a working document originally prepared by FAO in April 1995 analysing the policy and legal options available for dealing with the sensitive issue of foreign ownership of land. It provides information on the approaches that are, or have been adopted to regulate foreign ownership of land. As such, it aims at providing a framework for analysis and a representative sample of the legal techniques and strategies that have been devised to deal with the issue; it is not intended to be an authoritative summary of the state of the law in this area.

This paper describes the perspective of stakeholders on the development of the Voluntary Guidelines on tenure. These Guidelines represent the greatest extent of “common ground” on governance of tenure that has been found to date in a global forum. This consensus was developed through intergovernmental negotiations with the participation of civil society, the private sector and research and academic institutes. This paper draws on interviews to identify how people engaged in the process and the dynamics that were created between the parties.

This publication contains the final report and background documentation of the Expert Consultation on Catalysing the Transition away from Overcapacity in Marine Capture Fisheries held in Rome, Italy, from 15 to 18 October 2002. The Expert Consultation was intended and designed to develop a set of general recommendations to assist in addressing the difficult subject of overcapacity in marine capture fisheries.

This guide on Rural property tax systems in Central and Eastern Europe has been prepared to support governments in the design and implementation of systems to raise revenues at local levels. An increasing number of countries are introducing policies to decentralize the provision of rural services but very often local levels of government have insufficient funds to carry out these newly decentralized responsibilities. Raising revenues through property taxes on rural land represents one way to improve the capacity of local levels to deliver services.