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Contract farming and commercialization of agriculture in developing countries
The distributional benefits of commercialization of agriculture, access to commercialization opportunities, and sharing of commercialization risks are functions of institutional arrangements. Obviously, the indirect food security and nutritional effects are, thereby, partly a function of such institutional arrangements. This chapter explores the relevance to food security of one form of contractual relationship in agriculture: formal contracts between producers and buyers (generally processors or exporters), a production and marketing system known as contract farming.
The effects of increasing rates of AIDS-related illness and death on rural families in Zombia district, Malawi
The primary purpose of the research conducted from January to December 2006 was to investigate the ways in which the AIDS epidemic was playing out in a Zomba District sample of households that had been studied since 1986. The single most important characteristic of this research is that we have information on the same households for twenty years, a span of time for a longitudinal study that we believe to be unique in current research in Malawi.
Land tenure and the adoption of agricultural technology in Haiti
There has long been an active debate in Haiti - as in many other developing countries - over whether or not the customary tenure system constrains technology adoption and agricultural development, and whether cadaster and land titling should be national priorities. This paper contributes to this debate by reviewing and interpreting the body of literature and new empirical evidence concerning the relationship between land tenure and the adoption of technology in rural Haiti.
Reforzar los derechos de propiedad de los pobres
Aunque muchos de los pobres en el mundo en desarrollo no tienen tierras, la mayoría de ellos tienen algún acceso a la tierra. Estos “minifundistas pobres” siguen siendo pobres no sólo porque su propiedad es pequeña, sino también porque sus derechos a la tierra son débiles e inseguros. La inseguridad que sienten debilita sus incentivos para hacer inversiones a largo plazo en sus tierras o para usarla de manera sostenible. Sus tierras tienen un valor económico limitado porque no las pueden transferir legalmente.
Irrigación, acción colectiva y derechos de propiedad
Alrededor del 40% de los alimentos del mundo y el 60% de sus granos se producen utilizando métodos de irrigación. Entre los años 1900 y 1950, la superficie total irrigada a través del mundo entero prácticamente se duplicó, aumentando aproximadamente de 48 millones a 94 millones de hectáreas. Hacia el año 2000, la superficie había aumentado nuevamente más del doble, alcanzando 240 millones de hectáreas. Esta expansión dramática de las zonas irrigadas ha dado lugar a una infraestructura enorme y costosa.
A user’s guide to data from Round 1.5 of the Pakistan Rural Household Panel Survey (PRHPS) 2012
Pakistan Rural Household Panel Survey 2012 (Round 1.5), a sub-sample consisting of agricultural households captured in Round 1 of the Panel Survey, gathers detailed information on agricultural production and related issues from rural households in Pakistan. Round 1.5 covers 942 agricultural households in 76 primary sampling units in the rural areas of three provinces namely: (i) Punjab; (ii) Sindh; and (iii) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK).
Feeding more people and better in West Africa
In this lecture, Moïse C. Mensah traces the recent history of economic policy in Benin and examines how Benin can meet food security needs while overcoming the challenges posed by a growing population, fragile natural resource base, and constraints on productivity. Although the gap between food supply and demand is not significant in Benin, about a third of the population is food insecure because of regional differences in food production and lack of income.
The impact of shocks on gender-differentiated asset dynamics: Evidence from Bangladesh
This policy note summarizes research that builds on existing studies on the gender-differentiated impacts of shocks on household asset holdings in Bangladesh, which is among the countries most vulnerable to climate change because of its densely populated coastal area and large population living below the poverty line.
Food security without food transfers?
Both availability and access issues underpin Ethiopia’s food security challenges. The country is mostly dependent on drought-exposed, rain fed agriculture, and high transaction costs inhibit trade in staples. Most of the population lives in rural areas where poverty is widespread and livelihoods vulnerable to shocks and poverty traps. This paper looks at different approaches to improve food security in Ethiopia.